Red Spot Sevrum

The Red Spot Severum is a popular and striking variation of the Severum cichlid (Heros severus), known for its brilliant red spots and peaceful demeanor. Native to the slow-moving rivers and lakes of the Amazon Basin in South America, this species is a favorite among aquarium enthusiasts due to its vibrant appearance, manageable size, and relatively peaceful temperament for a cichlid.

The Red Spot Severum is renowned for its beautiful color patterns. It has a rounded, laterally compressed body typical of Severum species. The base color is typically a greenish-yellow or gold, with bright red spots scattered across the body and sometimes on the fins, giving the fish its name. The intensity and distribution of the red spots can vary from fish to fish, with some displaying more prominent markings. Adults typically grow to 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) in length, making them a medium to large-sized cichlid.

Red Spot Severums are known for being peaceful and shy compared to other cichlids, especially when housed in the right environment. They can be territorial during breeding but are generally calm and tolerant of tank mates, making them suitable for large, well-maintained community aquariums. They enjoy swimming in the middle to lower areas of the tank and will appreciate hiding spots like caves or dense plants to retreat to when feeling stressed.

In the wild, Severums are omnivorous, feeding on plant matter, small invertebrates, and detritus. In captivity, they thrive on a varied diet that includes:

• High-quality cichlid pellets as a staple
• Fresh vegetables like spinach, zucchini, and peas
• Live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia for protein
• Algae wafers or spirulina-based foods A well-balanced diet with plant matter will help enhance the Red Spot Severum’s colors and maintain its overall health.

• Tank Size: Due to their size and active nature, Red Spot Severums require a minimum of 55 gallons for a single adult, but larger tanks (75 gallons or more) are recommended for pairs or community setups.
• Water Conditions:
  • Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
  • pH: 6.0-7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  • Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard water (4-10 dGH)
• Tank Setup: The aquarium should have plenty of open swimming space and hiding spots made from driftwood, rocks, and plants. Severums may occasionally nibble on live plants, so hardier species like Java fern, Anubias, or plastic plants can be used. Subdued lighting and well-decorated environments help reduce stress and encourage natural behavior.
• Filtration: A powerful filtration system is essential, as Severums produce a fair amount of waste. Regular water changes are important to maintain optimal water quality.

Red Spot Severums are generally peaceful, especially when compared to more aggressive cichlids. They do well in community tanks with other medium to large, peaceful fish. Some suitable tank mates include:

• Angelfish
• Geophagus cichlids
• Festivums
• Corydoras catfish
• PlecosAvoid housing them with very small fish, as Severums may see them as prey. Additionally, while they are relatively peaceful, they may become territorial during breeding, so ensure there is enough space and hiding places for tank mates.

Breeding Red Spot Severums is possible in a well-maintained aquarium. They are egg layers and tend to form monogamous pairs. During breeding, the pair will become more territorial and may defend a specific area of the tank.

• Spawning: Severums typically lay eggs on flat surfaces like rocks or plant leaves. The female will lay the eggs, and both parents will protect them until they hatch.
• Fry Care: Once the eggs hatch, the parents continue to guard the fry. The fry can be fed infusoria or baby brine shrimp during their early stages.

With proper care, Red Spot Severums can live for 8-10 years in captivity, making them a long-term commitment for dedicated fishkeepers.

• Plant Nibbling: Although primarily omnivorous, Severums may occasionally nibble on live plants in the aquarium. Providing them with a diet rich in plant matter and vegetables can help reduce this behavior.
• Tank Decoration: Providing hiding places and decor that mimics their natural environment helps reduce stress. Driftwood, caves, and rocks are excellent additions, and sturdy plants like Anubias and Java fern are more likely to withstand occasional nibbling.

The Red Spot Severum is a visually stunning and relatively peaceful cichlid that makes a fantastic addition to larger community tanks. Their manageable size, vibrant red spots, and calm demeanor make them a favorite for both beginner and experienced aquarium enthusiasts.