Panaque armbrusteri (L027/Tapajos) 1.5″-2.5″

Panaque armbrusteri (L027), often referred to as the Tapajos Royal Pleco, is a striking and large freshwater fish from the family Loricariidae, native to the Tapajos River, a tributary of the Amazon in Brazil. This species is part of the group commonly known as Royal Plecos, recognized for their impressive size, beautiful patterns, and their unique dietary preference for wood (xylophagous).

• Size: Panaque armbrusteri is a large species, growing up to 40-50 cm (16-20 inches) in captivity under ideal conditions.
• Coloration: This species has a dark, almost black body with pale or white vertical striping along its body and fins. The coloration varies between individuals but is usually contrasted and bold, making them highly attractive.
• Eyes: Their eyes are often reddish or golden, and they have a flat, armored head.
• Fins: Large dorsal fin with a distinct sail-like appearance, typical of many plecos, contributing to their majestic look.

• Temperament: Despite their large size and somewhat intimidating appearance, they are generally peaceful. However, they can be territorial, especially with other plecos, so providing ample space and hiding spots is crucial.
• Activity: Nocturnal and shy, Panaque armbrusteri tends to be more active during the night. During the day, they often hide in caves or among driftwood.

• Tank Size: Due to their large size, a tank of 150 gallons or more is recommended for adults. Juveniles can be housed in smaller tanks but will outgrow them quickly.
• Water Parameters:
  • Temperature: 24-28°C (75-82°F)
  • pH: 6.5-7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  • Hardness: Soft to moderately hard water
• Substrate: A sandy or smooth substrate is preferred to avoid damaging their sensitive underside.
• Décor: Driftwood is essential in their habitat. They rasp on it constantly as part of their diet, and it also provides them with shelter. Rocks and caves should also be provided for additional hiding spots.
• Filtration: Given their large size and the amount of waste they produce, powerful filtration is necessary. Canister filters or sump systems are highly recommended. Good water flow and oxygenation are essential for their health.

Panaque armbrusteri is xylophagous, meaning it eats wood as part of its diet. In the wild, they rasp on submerged wood for both food and shelter. In captivity, their diet should include:

• Wood: Driftwood or bogwood is a critical part of their diet and should always be available.
• Vegetables: Blanched vegetables like zucchini, cucumber, and spinach.
• Pellets/Wafers: High-quality sinking pleco pellets or algae wafers designed for herbivorous fish.
• Occasional Protein: While primarily herbivores, they may accept some protein-rich foods like sinking shrimp pellets, but these should not be a staple.

Breeding Panaque armbrusteri in captivity is extremely difficult and rarely accomplished, primarily due to their size and specific environmental needs. In the wild, they are thought to spawn in crevices or under rocks in strong river currents.

• Growth Rate: Panaque armbrusteri grows slowly, but once mature, they require a very large tank and strong filtration to accommodate their size.
• Wood Rasping: Over time, their constant rasping on driftwood can lead to significant wear on decorations, and the wood will need to be replaced periodically.

Due to their size, diet, and water requirements, this species is best suited for experienced aquarists with large, well-maintained tanks. However, their stunning appearance and unique behaviors make them a rewarding addition to any large aquarium.