Geophagus Proximus

(Surinam Eartheater)

Geophagus proximus, commonly known as the Surinam Eartheater, is a peaceful, sand-sifting cichlid native to South America, particularly in the Suriname River Basin and other surrounding regions. Known for its vibrant coloration and engaging behavior, it thrives in a well-maintained, spacious aquarium that mimics its natural habitat.

Tank Requirements

• Tank Size:
  • A minimum of 75 gallons is required for a pair or small group. For larger groups, a tank of 125 gallons or more is ideal.
• Tank Setup:
  • Substrate: Use soft, sandy substrate to accommodate their natural sifting behavior. Coarse substrates can harm their gills and mouths.
  • Decor: Provide smooth rocks, driftwood, and roots to replicate their natural environment and create hiding spots.
  • Plants: Hardy species like Java fern, Anubias, or floating plants are recommended. Ensure plants are well-anchored, as substrate sifting may uproot them.
  • Open Space: Maintain open swimming areas, as they are active swimmers.
• Lighting:
  • Moderate lighting enhances their natural coloration while maintaining a natural look.
• Water Flow:
  • Moderate water flow is preferred to mimic their natural riverine habitat. A canister filter or similar system can provide appropriate flow and maintain water quality.

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 75–82°F (24–28°C)
• pH: 6.0–7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
• Hardness: 5–12 dGH (soft to moderately hard water)
• Ammonia/Nitrite: 0 ppm; nitrates should be kept below 20 ppm.
• Water Changes: Perform 25–30% weekly water changes to maintain optimal conditions.

Diet

Geophagus Proximus is an omnivorous cichlid that thrives on a varied diet:

• Staple Foods:
  • High-quality sinking pellets or granules for cichlids.
• Live/Frozen Foods:
  • Bloodworms, brine shrimp, blackworms, and daphnia are excellent protein sources.
• Vegetable Matter:
  • Blanched spinach, peas, and spirulina-based foods help balance their diet.
• Feeding Schedule:
  • Feed 2–3 small meals daily, ensuring all food is consumed within a few minutes.

Behavior and Compatibility

• Temperament:
  • Peaceful but can become territorial, especially during breeding. They are best kept in groups of 4–6 to observe natural social behaviors.
• Tankmates:
  • Compatible with other peaceful or semi-aggressive cichlids, such as other Geophagus species, Severums, or Angelfish.
  • Non-cichlid companions like larger tetras, Corydoras, and plecos are also good choices.
  • Avoid highly aggressive or overly boisterous species.

Breeding

Breeding Geophagus Proximus in captivity requires specific conditions and patience:

1. Breeding Tank:
   • Use a tank with slightly acidic water (pH 6.0–6.5) and a temperature of 80–82°F (27–28°C). Provide flat rocks or open sandy areas for spawning.
2. Spawning Behavior:
   • They are delayed mouthbrooders. After the eggs are fertilized, one or both parents will pick them up to incubate in their mouths.
3. Incubation and Fry Care:
   • The eggs hatch in 3–5 days, and the fry are free-swimming within 10–14 days.
   • Feed fry with infusoria or freshly hatched brine shrimp. Gradually introduce crushed flakes or micro-pellets as they grow.

Common Challenges

1. Water Sensitivity:
   • Geophagus proximus is sensitive to poor water conditions, so consistent maintenance is crucial.
2. Territoriality During Breeding:
   • Breeding pairs can become aggressive. Ensure ample space and hiding spots for tankmates.
3. Substrate Requirements:
   • A sandy substrate is non-negotiable for their natural behavior and health.

Interesting Facts

• The name Geophagus means “earth eater,” highlighting their natural habit of sifting through sand to find food.
• They are known for their peaceful nature, making them ideal for community aquariums with appropriate tankmates.
• Their vibrant colors and unique patterns become more pronounced as they mature, especially in dominant males.

Care Summary

Aspect	Details
Tank Size	75 gallons for a pair, 125+ gallons for groups
Water Parameters	pH 6.0–7.5, 75–82°F, soft to moderately hard water
Diet	Omnivorous: sinking pellets, live/frozen foods, vegetables
Temperament	Peaceful, mildly territorial during breeding
Lifespan	8–10 years

The Gold Eartheater is a beautiful and rewarding species for experienced aquarists. With proper care, they will thrive and display their vibrant coloration and fascinating behavior, becoming a standout addition to any freshwater aquarium.